Alleged Chemical Attack Khan Sheikhoun 4 April 2017

On April 4, 2017, reports emerged of an alleged Chemical attack in Khan Sheikhoun, in Idlib province at the border to Hama province (wikimapia) that morning claiming dozens killed, including several children. Victims were said to suffer fainting, foaming at the mouth, and eventual asphyxiation. (the symptoms described and shown aren't clearly those of sarin, but definitely not those of chlorine)

Within a day, the reported death toll was at least 70 people. This makes it at least the third deadliest alleged CW attack in Syria so far. It's reported the dead are all or mostly civilians, and include at least 43 children. The majority of photos show infants and youths, and a few adult males.

ACLOS analysis has begun, as usual working out initially on the discussion page.

What happened?
There are four possible explanations to the alleged events in Khan Sheikhoun on April 4, 2017
 * 1) The Syrian air force dropped chemical weapons on Khan Sheikhoun, as claimed by Syrian "activist", the White House and Western media.
 * 2) The Syrian air force hit a rebel or al-Nusra weapons warehouse storing chemical weapons or other lethal chemicals. This is the position of Russia and is also endorsed by some Americans.
 * 3) Rebels staged a false-flag attack, releasing lethal chemicals into the atmosphere, in an attempt to get the U.S. overtly involved  on their side in the war against Syria. This is the position of much of the pro-Syria and pro-Trump community. Some even say elements of US government or Deep State were involved.
 * 4) No real attack happened, but the video evidence was staged by the White Helmets using actors or hostages that had been gassed in some confined spaces. This is the position of some ACLOS members who have reviewed the alleged video evidence. It is also inline with what we believe happened in 2013 in the alleged Ghouta CW attack.

Reactions

 * French Foreign Minister Jean-Marc Ayrault called for an UNSC emergency meeting.
 * Erdogan called Putin over the event, "said such inhumane attacks are unacceptable".
 * The Russian Defense Ministry issued a statement denying having conducted any strikes near the town.
 * Syrian Army sources told Al Masdar News that they have flown an attack with an SU-22 on a missile factory in Khan Sheikhoun, without using chemical weapons or knowing about any stocks in the targeted factory.
 * Syrian Deputy FM Mikdad told Syrian TV that they had a few weeks ago submitted data to the OPCW and the UN about transportation into Syria and storage of toxic substances by Nusra.
 * In a statement on the morning of April 5, Russian Defense Ministry spokesperson Konashenkov states that the Syrian attack "targeted a militant-held ammunition depot on the eastern outskirts of the city Khan Sheikhun. [...] Workshops for the production of land mines stuffed with poisonous substances were on the territory of this warehouse.”
 * John McCain on CNN
 * BBC and Hamish DeBretton Gordon try to dismiss Russian version of events
 * Kremlin spokesperson Peskov says that Russia will provide evidence for their version to the UNSC.
 * MSNBC decides to support ISIS. Interviews 4 warmongers pushing for Trump to attack Syria (Video)
 * CNN Anchor Speechless After Congressman Questions Syria Chemical Attack Story
 * In the night of April 6-7, US media reports that two US warships fired 50+ Tomahawk missiles at an airbase in south-eastern Homs province in retaliation for the alleged attack they say originated at that place.
 * The Russian Foreign Ministry issues an extensive statement on the Syrian chemical dossier on April 7.
 * Assad in an interview with AFP published April 13 said that he thinks the story is 100% fabricated by "the West" hand in glove with Al-Nusra.
 * Bashar al-Assad interview with RIA Novosti and Sputnik Alrossiten Published April 21. Reiterates no attack at 06:30 to 07:00. Too considered by now to be fog of war so what's the actual story?

Activist claims

 * Activists say gas attack kills civilians in Syria as EU leaders discuss reconstruction - Louisa Loveluck, Washington Post, April 4, 2017
 * Syria conflict: 'Chemical attack' in Idlib kills dozens - BBC World News
 * Mark on Twitter
 * 'Whole families dead in their beds': Syrian gas attack kills scores - Areeb Ullah, Middle East Eye, April 4, 2017 07:24 UTC
 * Gasping for life - Syria's merciless war on its own children - Clarissa Ward, CNN, May 10, 2017 (video)
 * Note: Contains original video footage not seen elsewhere.

Photos

 * Dozens of dead and injured after poison gas attacks targeted «Khan Shaikhoun» Brive Idlib (Photos)
 * Reuters photos by Ammar Abdullah

Video

 * YouTube playlist - Petri Krohn
 * YouTube playlist - Brown Moses / Eliot Higgins‏
 * The 7 Most Intense Videos From The Deadly Syrian Chemical Gas Attack - American Military News, April 4, 2017
 * HAQ News Agency playlist (Most videos are not listed.)
 * Videos for idlib gas attack
 * Syria Chemical Attack Massacre: Hundreds Killed and Injured - NBC Nightly News, April 4, 2017
 * Rare footage shows chemical attack in Syria - CBS News, February 22, 2018
 * What a chemical attack in Syria looks like - CBS News, February 25, 2018

Reports from site

 * 'The dead were wherever you looked': inside Syrian town after gas attack - Kareem Shaheen in Khan Sheikhun, The Guardian, April 6, 2017
 * Video from inside the hospital cave
 * Breaking: VT Investigators Startling Discovery at Khan Sheikhoun - Veterans Today, April 10, 2017
 * The article has vanished from the VT site, but is mirrored by South Front
 * 'The first thing that hits you is the smell' - Omar Haj-Kadour, Mohamed Al-Bakour, AFP, April 4, 2017
 * 'I've rarely felt more fearful for the future,' says PETER OBORNE - Daily Mail, April 15, 2017

Other

 * Turkish Health Ministry says initial findings point to sarin gas in Syrian attack, Hürriyet, April 6, 2017

SAAF airstrike on Khan Sheikhoun

 * Video: Khan Shaykhun 4 4 2017 The moment Khan Sikhun was targeted by poisonous bombs by the Syrian Air Force
 * Perpetrator of second largest chemical attack in Syria identified - Orient Net, April 5, 2017
 * Al-Arabiya reports US, UK, and France were asking for the names of any pilots involved. "Syrian Pilot Mohammed al-Hasouri, who took off in his jet from the Shayrat military airport on Tuesday morning, may have not thought that his name may be internationally listed and he will be pursued."
 * Zaman al-Wasl gives details ob "Brig. Gen. Mohammad Yousef Hasouri, Chief of Staff and deputy commander of Shayrat airfield" and heard that he's "one of the biggest war criminals in Syria" even before the gas attack they say killed at least 103.
 * Charles Lister on Twitter: "Reports: The pilot *allegedly* responsible for #KhanSheikhoun CW attack, Gen. Mohammed Yousef Hasouri, has been killed in an IED attack." The reports may be with Orient News, and they seem to be doubted. Some suspect the government killed him to hush up the crime.

Note: These outlets are all sponsored by direct "regime" opponents, be it wealthy Syrian expatriates (Orient News and Zaman al-Wasl), Saudi-Arabia (Al-Arabia) or Qatar (Charles Lister)

Alleged false-flag event filmed by Aljazeera

 * Al-Jazeera Films False Flag Fake Chemical Attack Against Civilians in Syria - 'Sputnik'', May 4, 2017

US sources

 * Executive Director, Amb. Kurt Volker discusses a chemical attack in Syria on BBC World News -The McCain Institute, youtube, 5 April, 2017

US claims

 * White House Accuses Russia of Chemical Weapons Cover-Up -NY Times, 11 April, 2017
 * ''The White House released a declassified four-page report that details United States intelligence on the chemical weapons attack, asserting that the Syrian and Russian governments have sought to confuse the world community about the assault through disinformation and “false narratives.”
 * Direct link to report PDF, 220KB
 * Press briefing where document was presented, questions asked

Assessment

 * A Quick Turnaround Assessment of the White House Intelligence Report Issued on April 11, 2017, Theodore A. Postol, April 11, 2017 (Postol assessment 041117.pdf)

Counterclaims

 * Moscow demands OPCW explain how White Helmets emerged unharmed in Syrian sarin attack - TASS, April 20, 2017

Russian involvement

 * Official: Russia knew Syrian chemical attack was coming - AP Top News, April 10, 2017
 * ''But the official said the presence of the surveillance drone over the hospital couldn't have been a coincidence, and that Russia must have known the chemical weapons attack was coming and that victims were seeking treatment.

French evaluation

 * ''See also /Chemical agent


 * French National Evaluation Following Defense Council Meeting 26 April 2017 - Blames Syrian Government.

Human Rights Watch

 * Death by Chemicals - The Syrian Government’s Widespread and Systematic Use of Chemical Weapons - HRW, May 1, 2017
 * Video: Syria: New Evidence Shows Pattern of Chemical Weapons Use - HRW, May 1, 2017
 * Russian MoD disputes HRW report claiming Soviet chem bomb was used in Syria’s Idlib - RT, May 2, 2017
 * Russian President Vladimir Putin's 'cover story' blown - James Law, New Zealand Herald, May 3, 2017

Russian sources

 * Как «бармалеи» взрывали зарин в Сирии: глубина воронки, анализ проб и скорость ветра — расследование, also published here. This is presented as an independent journalist investigation + reporting 'from the incident location'. Authorship is not provided, but quite a lot is claimed.
 * Crater: created by explosives places on the ground, under 10 kg of explosives (no excavation, shallow depth noted, nearby electrical box not damaged). Fig 6: It is said that al Nusra cemented the crater on 19 Apr.
 * Chemical released. According to report, diisopropyl methylphosphonate, active sarin and hexamine were detected. Fig 7 claims to show sample collection. It is not explained who and how was collecting samples, but Fig.1 shows an area where samples were collected (as claimed). According to report, traces were detected at a distance of up to 100 m. It is estimated that 15 to 25 liters were released, with under 40 % of that airborne (30 % decomposed, 30% remained in the crater). Fatal dosage estimated to be at a distance under 55 m, secondary area up to 220 m; those areas are shown on Fig. 8.
 * Weather/wind. According to this source, Wind speed - 1 m / s; Temperature - plus 13 degrees; Wind direction from west-southwest.

Investigation
The OPCW, the Commission of Inquiry, and the two teamed up as Joint Investigative Mechanism.

OPCW report
Released July, 2017
 * https://www.opcw.org/fileadmin/OPCW/Fact_Finding_Mission/s-1510-2017_e_.pdf
 * Critical review, mainly of their wind direction findings: http://libyancivilwar.blogspot.com/2017/07/idlib-chemical-massacre-4-4-17-wind.html

UN CoI Report
Released September, 2017
 * UN CoI Report: https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G17/234/18/PDF/G1723418.pdf


 * Briefing «SYRIAN CHEMICAL DOSSIER: THE RUSSIAN VIEW» by Ambassador Mikhail Ulyanov Head of the Russian delegation in UNGA First Committee, Director of the Department for Non-Proliferation and Arms Control of the MFA of Russia on the margins of the 72nd session of the UN General Assembly, 13 October, 2017 transcript, video (see quotes, etc in talk).


 * News
 * Syria govt behind sarin gas attack in April: UN probe - AFP News, September 6, 2017
 * ''They determined that a Su-22 fighter bomber, which is only operated by the Syrian air force, conducted four airstrikes in Khan Sheikhun at around 6:45 am on April 4.
 * ''"The Commission identified three of the bombs as likely OFAB-100-120 and one as a chemical bomb," the report said, adding that "photographs of weapon remnants depict a chemical aerial bomb of a type manufactured in the former Soviet Union."


 * Critical reviews
 * On the UN CoI's Meaningless Report - Adam Larson (ACLOS member Caustic Logic), September 7-8, 2017
 * A New Hole in Syria-Sarin Certainty, Robert Parry, September 7, 2017
 * The Demolition of the UN CoE Syria Report - John Delacour‏, work in progress
 * Have We Been Deceived Over Syrian Sarin Attack? Scrutinizing the Evidence in an Incident Trump Used to Justify Bombing Syria, Gareth Porter, AlterNet, September 13, 2017
 * Syria Sarin Allegation: How An UN-Panel Report Twists and Omits Evidence The Indicter, September 18, 2017 (improved version of earlier piece)

JIM Report #7
Released October, 2017
 * Security Council Fails to Renew Mandate of Joint Investigative Mechanism on Chemical Weapons Use in Syria, as Permanent Member Casts Veto, reliefweb.int - report from UN Security Council, 24 October, 2017
 * 'Assad forces behind deadly Sarin attack - UN' -BBC, 26 October, 2017
 * Earlier, Tillerson Demands Assad Leave Power in Syria Peace Process, 26 October, 2017
 * Russia: report is confidential; expresses 'surprise' that details are leaked; will look into report details
 * ACLOS Copy of Report for posterity
 * unofficial report PDF
 * review: A "confident" final failure
 * UN On Khan Sheikhoun - Victims Hospitalized BEFORE Claimed Incident Happened - Moon of Alabama, October 29, 2017
 * Russia exposes flawed OPCW report into staged chemical weapons attack in Syria - Adam Garrie, The Duran, November 2, 2017

Discussion
On page 29 of the OPCW report, the OPCW states it received the medical records of 247 victims from Khan Sheikhoun. Of those 247, 57 were registered as admitted to hospitals before the attack took place. Another 52 patients were admitted to hospitals between 30 and 125 kilometres away within minutes of the supposed attack time, a total of 109 patient records which are false if the purpoted attack time is true. "The Mechanism did not investigate these discrepancies and cannot determine whether they are linked to any possible staging scenario, or to poor record-keeping in chaotic conditions."
 * The admission times noted in the records range from 0600 to 1600 hours. Analysis of the records revealed that in 57 cases, patients had been admitted to five hospitals before the incident (at 0600, 0620 and 0640 hours). In 10 of those cases (official version; in the leaked version, such cases), patients appear to have been admitted to a hospital 125 km away from Khan Shaykhun at 0700 hours, while another 42 patients appear to have been admitted to a hospital 30 km away at 0700 hours.
 * This makes it 57 cases, with further details on 52 of those, not a total of 109 --Resup (talk) 13:45, 5 November 2017 (UTC)


 * Sorry but I am confused, I do not see this on page 29 of the report linked above, or that quote in the document or by googling. Is there another published doc?(If so can you add the link pls?) --Resup (talk) 21:55, 28 October 2017 (UTC)
 * It (the link provided below by Withnail) is apparently a leaked version of the new, confidential report. I found the same link skimming CL's latest piece which I had no time to read yet. CL, can you please update this section and then delete our comments (thanks for checking, Resup). --CE (talk) 22:28, 28 October 2017 (UTC)
 * + to request to CL, There was some talk that sarin was used 5 days earlier (e.g. here, 5 Oct 2017; we got a separate page on earlier events )--Resup (talk) 22:41, 28 October 2017 (UTC)
 * It's in page 29 here

There was some talk that sarin was used 5 days earlier (e.g. here, 5 Oct 2017; we got a separate page on earlier events too)
 * Alleged Chemical Attacks, March 25-April 3, 2017‎ March 30 section. --Caustic Logic (talk) 00:46, 30 October 2017 (UTC)

Also:
 * Based on its review of open source material showing first responders in the hours immediately after the incident, the Mechanism observed several methods and procedures that appeared either unusual or inappropriate in the circumstances. In particular, the Mechanism noted that fully equipped hazmat teams appeared at the scene later that afternoon and reported early detection of the presence of sarin, seemingly using a Dräger X-am 7000 ambient air monitor, which was not known to be able to detect sarin.
 * Dräger X-am 7000: some specs
 * Of further concern to the Mechanism was the relative unprofessionalism by which certain environmental samples appear to have been taken, e.g. sampling from a muddy puddle.

Biomedical Sample results The FFM report notes this anomaly: 5.89 The team noted that the blood of person reference numbers 131814, 131820, and 131825 tested negative for sarin or sarin-like substances, yet other biomedical specimens from the same people tested positive for isopropyl methylphosphonate. https://www.opcw.org/fileadmin/OPCW/Fact_Finding_Mission/s-1510-2017_e_.pdf

JIM report follows up: An inconsistency was identified in one of the Fact-Finding Mission biomedical results from samples without a chain of custody. In sample number 133, the blood tested negative for sarin or a sarin-like substance, while the urine sample tested positive for the sarin degradation product isopropyl methylphosphonate. There is currently no explanation regarding the inconsistency. Medical experts consulted by the Mechanism indicated that the combination of the negative result in the blood and the positive result in the urine was impossible. This inconsistency was considered to be most probably the result of cross-contamination in the sampling process. https://drive.google.com/file/d/0ByLPNZ-eSjJdcGZUb0hqalFOa0hhdEZ3WlBvZmRnajFRV3pr/view

was the only positively identified compound in the urine and hair and secretion sample results in the tables (2,3,4) in the FFM report.--Diagonal (talk) 07:38, 10 April 2018 (UTC)

"Sarin or Sarin-like" How OPCW assess for organo phosphate exposure  - There seems to be some degree of indeterminacy in what chemical exposure might be indicated from protein adducts in blood samples. What particular tests, 'flouride regeneration' or 'direct analysis of adducts' were run by designated labs is not indicated, as far as I can tell, in the FFM reports annex. The presence of the pesticide as a potential indication of exposure to Sarin, should be considered as inconclusive. --Diagonal (talk) 13:36, 11 April 2018 (UTC)


 * dimethyl methylphosphonate, a simulant of nerve agent sarin

Russian Foreign/Defence Ministries briefing
The most detailed English-language summary of the Russian briefing is this report on Sputnik

https://sputniknews.com/russia/201711021058749517-russia-opcw-un-report-syria/

They confirm that the jet could not have dropped a bomb on KS.

This tweet shows a slide from the briefing, with the Pentagon's flight track and detailed calculations of the range from which the Su22 could have dropped a bomb.

https://twitter.com/mashant/status/926040356147351553

Samantha Power has helped to publicize it on her Twitter account

Can anyone find these slides, and a transcript of the briefing, online? The briefing was given only in Russian. Ruptly uploaded a video, but without any of the slides. Resup: can you help? Pmr9 (talk) 10:07, 4 November 2017 (UTC)

E.g. here. (Skimming through it, looks overall reasonable. First item is saying that, from reported plane trajectory, if it dropped the bomb landing there, even with the fastest possible turn it will not avoid getting closer than 2 km to the target (not sure how tight is it, needs accurate enough trajectory. A later point, cylinder detonating on the ground will send some 70% fragments perpendicular to the the cylinder axes-yes, but I do not see very clearly such marks on pavement. The rest--that crater does not look like airbomb, --no, it does not --Resup (talk) 11:03, 4 November 2017 (UTC)

(copied over)    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sDPAXkf8WjQ Presentation, Ruptly 'live' feed. From their explanations, these slides have limited use, and aren't even worth uploading. 3 slides (at that Tass link) show (I think):

1) The jet approached no closer than 5 km (citing JIM report and, in error, witnesses). Shown is 5 km radius from city center. But we know it's 5km south, or maybe less or more. My measure is 3-4 km south of the bakery crater.

2) This is what the JIM's expert meant about a bomb traveling 5 km before hitting, "depending." This would apply if the jet was flying north towards the target, as the expert explains is how you do attacks. This can go over 5 km from 4km altitude at ... given speed, if it were flying at the crater. But here it's flying almost perpendicular to that, so that big drift can only be from and ideal wind and lots of it. I don't know how well they got back to that central point

3) also if if it were flying at the target, its path would pass right over the target or close, considering its wide tun axis, so even if it's dropped earlier (it will be) a jet that's bombed a spot will always pas over or near the spot, not passing perp. 3-5 km away. --Caustic Logic (talk) 13:13, 5 November 2017 (UTC)


 * Russian FM Information and Press Department Commentary Regarding the Interview of the Head of the Joint Mechanism of the OPCW-United Nations to Investigate in Syria Edmond Mulet to The New York Times, 11 November, 2017
 * Leader of Chemical Weapons Panel Is Not Optimistic About Its Future -The New York Times, 8 November, 2017

Crater
As for the crater - I could see a dropped non-exploding bomb, or the same fired from a rocket and falling - more device weight needed for the latter to explain this much displaced material. Consider this: competing versions would have little or no directional damage (if falling from above), damage directed north (if blowing in steeply from the south to match the radar track), or no direction is it was a ground engineered explosion like the Russian military guys say. 2 image analyses I posted on Twitter for now - black fluid splash, asphalt damage - both suggest the object was traveling south from a northern launch spot. Roughly up the highway, maybe a bit east or west of that, unclear. Bomb sites 1 and 2 already looked as if hit by rockets from the north. There might be 2 different firing spots, but they're both north (that is, consistent and clear). So I still like this option I called early. Don't know if the black stuff is actually sarin, but similar stuff appears in connection with other attacks (like 3-30 Latamnah) where sarin turns up. Enhancement suggests the stuff's inherent color is blue/indigo. Don't know what that means. --Caustic Logic (talk) 13:35, 5 November 2017‎ (UTC)


 * Usual 'dumb' bomb, without parachute, exploding on impact, will dig itself much deeper (unexploded), excavate lots of stuff out (exploded). Haven't looked carefully what they assumed (parachute, exploding above ground, etc options), but above grounds will not produce small yet well-formed shallow crater either, so it does not look as a bomb scenario. Unless they are doing something unreasonable like dropping small soft metal IED pipe bombs with a bit of explosive, but this is  pointless (unless the point is to cross the known red line and get themselves bombed). Crudely, among not-on-the-ground explosions, the closest shape match appears to be artillery crater, it is typical for them to have sideways-going cracks (perpendicular-and-somewhat-forward) apparently noted in CL graphics; see eg pages 40-44 + here, and those sort of pictures are elsewhere too. --Resup (talk) 16:06, 5 November 2017 (UTC)


 * This would be a non-exploding bomb or rocket - should huit about like a heavy object with little or no blast dynamics. Couldn't easily find a reference picture, but I think the scene looks right - just material displaced. And we should ignore the pipe-looking scrap which is probably just set there. Original remnants seem to have been picked up. --Caustic Logic (talk) 00:25, 6 November 2017 (UTC)


 * Using the latest Russian analysis figure of 277 m/s and a 500 kg bomb you get 19 megajoules kinetic energy. That's equivalent to 4.5 kg of pure TNT or 3kg of the usual 9M22 missile mix of TNT and RDX. Given 9M22 series missiles have just under 7 kg of the good HE we are looking at the energy of half a 9M22 missile explosion. i.e. naff all on a paved road - just a bit of denting. See 122 MM BM-21 MULTI BARREL ROCKET LAUNCHER (MBRL)


 * If you take the JIM claim of a 'heavy' 'mostly liquid' bomb, the actual damage will be less because it will be less dense than an ordinary iron bomb and the impact spread over a larger area. Charles Wood (talk) 02:40, 7 November 2017 (UTC)
 * I think iron bomb will do more digging into ground than equivalent in energy explosion, because it transfers all momentum down (+spends energy breaking things directly under it). While blast is undirected, goes everywhere, breaks pavement less. Liquid bomb is probably similar to explosion of equal energy. Also noted: photos seem to show that one wall of crater is vertical and rough, the opposite one smoother and shallower; goes a bit into coffeebean guessing but looks more like missile/artillery rather than a bomb (especially liquid one) --Resup (talk) 03:28, 7 November 2017 (UTC)

Analysis

 * The Khan Sheikhoun Chemical Attack — Who Bombed What and When? - Christiaan Triebert, Bellingcat, April 10, 2017

Critical

 * Jumping to conclusions; something is not adding up in Idlib chemical weapons attack - Paul Antonopoulos, AMN, April 4, 2017
 * On Tuesday’s Massive Criminal Chemical Weapons Lies against Syria - Miri Wood, Syria news, April 5, 2017
 * Pünktlich zur geplanten Syrienkonferenz haben Terroristen in #Idlib horrende False-Flag-Attacken inszeniert, urs1798, April 5, 2017
 * This extensive, German language analysis deals mostly with the media productions and the producers, relying on long-term observation of the scene and actors in Idlib province. It finds that the "citizen journalists" presenting the videos of this event are the same that are frequently on scene, and in not so prominently distributed videos in arms with the leaders of the terrorist groups Jabhat al-Nusra/Jund al-Aqsa (aka al-Qaeda) who control the region.


 * Idlib CW False-Flag Covers for Islamist Massacre - Adam Larson, Monitor blog (ACLOS affiliated), April 4-6, 2017
 * Report: Soros-Linked Group Behind Chemical Attack in Syria - Mimi Al-Laham, Infowars, April 5, 2017
 * ''Chemical attack has all the hallmarks of a false flag
 * Another Dangerous Rush to Judgment in Syria - Robert Parry, April 5, 2017
 * Syria’s alleged gas attack: An imperialist provocation - Bill Van Auken, WSWS, April 6, 2017
 * Evidence Calls Western Narrative About Syrian Chemical Attack Into Question - William Craddick, Disobedient Media, April 6, 2017
 * How The Neocons Are Tempting Trump On Syria - Andrew Korybko, Geopolitica.ru, April 7, 2017
 * The Escalating War on Syria and Need for International Law - Rick Sterling, AH Tribune, April 7, 2017
 * Rusvesna military source, 7 Apr. 2017: chemical munition will have just around 100-500 g of explosives, to release chemical without destroying it. This does not appear consistent with quite significant damage to the road at the alleged crater, or destruction of a house on other photos. Also it appears that all bomb fragments were removed. (Photos in the report).
 * Chemical Attack in Idlib — Duplication of Eastern Ghouta Scenario - Mariam Alhijab, Syrian Media Center via OffGuardian, April 8, 2017
 * Is the sarin also a lie? - Catte, OffGuardian, April 8, 2017
 * Philip Giraldi says IC-Military Doubt Assad Gas Narrative - libertarianinstitute.org, via OffGuardian, April 8, 2017
 * The Khan Sheikoun Show Was Trump's Production - Moon of Alabama, April 8, 2017
 * In Desperation Move, Tahrir al-Sham (al Qaeda) Kidnapped Civilians from Khattab Days Before Syrian Strike on Their Base – For What Purpose? - Scott Creighton, April 8, 2017
 * Where Was CIA’s Pompeo on Syria? - Robert Parry, Consortiumnews, April 8, 2017
 * ''Before the photo was released on Friday, a source told me that Pompeo had personally briefed Trump on April 6 about the CIA’s belief that Syrian President Bashar al-Assad was likely not responsible for the lethal poison-gas incident in northern Syria two days earlier — and thus Pompeo was excluded from the larger meeting as Trump reached a contrary decision.
 * The alleged Khan Sheikhoun chemical attack - HRI, April 9, 2017
 * Wag The Dog — How Al Qaeda Played Donald Trump And The American Media, Scott Ritter, Huffington Post, April 9, 2017
 * Former CIA Analyst Ray McGovern debunks the alleged Syria ‘Chemical Attack’ - Intel Today, April 9, 2017
 * False Flagger: Al-Nusra Front Terrorist ‘Reporter’ Hadi Abdallah First Responder to Chemical Massacre in Idlib, Syria on April 4th, 2017 - CLARITY OF SIGNAL, April 10, 2017
 * Turkey Should Be the Prime Suspect in Syria 'Gas Attack' . M.K. Bhadrakumar, Russia Insider, April 11, 2017
 * Robert D. Steele: The White Helmets Were Paid to Create a False Flag Chemical Attack - AH Tribune, April 11, 2017
 * The White House Report - TTG - Sic Semper Tyrannis, April 13, 2017
 * Will ‘Big Lies’ About Syria’s Chemical Weapons Spark a New US War? - Michael Jabara Carley, Strategic Culture, April 12, 2017
 * The Syria Strikes: Who Is 666D Chessing Whose Interuniversal Go Sequences? - Anatoly Karlin, Unz Review, April 13, 2017
 * New Revelations Belie Trump Claims on Syria Chemical Attack - Gareth Porter Truthout, April 13 2017
 * Top Ten Ways to Tell When You're Being Spoofed by False-Flag Sarin Attacks, Denis O'Brien, April 13, 2017
 * The Syria Strikes: A Conspiracy Theory, James Corbett, April 14, 2017
 * Lebanese journalist intependently investigates alleged Khan Sheikhoun chemical attack - Adel Karim, The Duran, April 15, 2017
 * ''After studying film and pictures of the aftermath of the Khan Sheikhoun attack, an independent Lebanese journalist claims they show the attack was faked.
 * Dear Washington: the era of the false flag attack is now over - Ricky Twisdale, The Duran, April 16, 2017
 * ''What makes the false flag at Khan Shaykhun unlike previous false flags is the speed with which it was exposed – both on the internet using the alleged footage itself, and possibly for the first time, by other state parties (Russia and Syria) opposed to the agenda the perpetrators seek to advance.
 * Did Al Qaeda Fool the White House Again? - Robert Parry, Strategic Culture, April 16, 2017
 * Detailed analysis of US white paper on Khan Sheikhoun chemical attack - Alexander Mercouris, The Duran, April 18, 2017
 * This body language expert says Assad is telling truth about Syria chemical weapons, while McMasters is lying Alex Christoforou, The Duran, April 20, 2017
 * How did al-Qaeda know in advance about the Syrian air strike? - Paul Larudee, April 21, 2017
 * French intelligence service piles on with more anti-Assad nonsense–here’s why it is BS - Meryl Nass, WashingtonsBlog, May 1, 2017
 * Idlib Chemical Massacre: The When and Where - Monitor on Massacre Marketing, May 6, 2017
 * Trump's Red Line, Seymour Hersh, WELT.DE, June 25, 2017
 * Human Rights Watch ‘Death by Chemicals’ Report: Smoke, Mirrors and Very Much Less Than Meets the Eye. - Adrian Kent, August 8, 2017 + August 17, 2017
 * Минобороны РФ назвало пять причин недостоверности доклада ОЗХО по Хан-Шейхуну
 * What caused the chemical calamity in Khan Sheikhoun on April 4, 2017? - Rootclaim
 * No Sarin at Khan Sheikhoun - Mike King, Stochastic Press, February 26, 2018
 * The End of OPCW-UN mechanism. What Stands Behind the Russian 'No'? - Anton Utkin, RIAC, June 20, 2018

Theodor Postol and Elliot Higgins debate

 * Higgins-Postol Khan Sheikhoun Panel 1280x720 (London-October20,2018 The Center for Investigative Journalism, Goldsmiths, University of London, October 20, 2018


 * Review at MMM blog by Adam Larson (ACLOS member Caustic logic): Points to supposed errors behind at least two of Postol's points, one at least quite serious and puzzling, but ... however flawed his overall case, when the other side is Higgins... "no clear winner except ongoing confusion"

Alleged bomb location

 * Christiaan Triebert on Twitter:
 * Pentagon's location of impact crater linked to the Khan Sheykhoun chemical attack is the same as the one geolocated by @Bellingcat.

Whora Hora
The ACLOS earth digging and cataloging commissary Petri Krohn has decided to name the White Helmets cave hospital and the likely al-Nusra Front command center centrally shown in activists videos and not unlikely geolocated to the right as Whora Hora, after bin Laden's more famous cave hideout and hospital.

Timing
According to US military, as reported by BBC, US military radar systems monitored Syrian Air Force fixed-wing aircraft take off Shayrat and fly over Khan Sheikhoun on two occasions - at 06:37 local time (03:37 GMT) and 06:46, 4 April, 2017 (Zulu=UTC, Charlie = UTC+3). Low-res map and Syrian planes flight path at those times was published by multiple media sources, quoting Pentagon (reproduced on this page).

Attacks on two prior days were also alleged. Rex W. Tillerson, Secretary of State:
 * ''As you’re well aware, Bashar al-Assad has carried out chemical attacks this past week on civilians, including women and children, and carried out attacks earlier this – last month, March 25th and 30th, in Hama province as well. We have a very high level of confidence that the attacks were carried out by aircraft under the direction of the Bashar al-Assad regime, and we also have very high confidence that the attacks involved the use of sarin nerve gas. At least the past three attacks, we have fairly high – we have high confidence on that.

September Hospital Attack Allegations
On September 19, it was reported Syrian or Russian warplanes bombed three hospitals in Idlib province, including Al-Rahma (the famous cave hospital, aka Whora Hora). UOSSM France tweet mentions Rahma and Orient hospital in - later tweet adds a maternity hospital in Al-Tah.] Shajul Islam lists all three. At least one bombing is shown, appearing to be quite a massive blast.

As for Al-Rahma, its outbuilding (a garage?) was shown with its roof knocked down in two spots and billowing black smoke as from an oil fire. The fire must be new, but researcher Qoppa 999 shows, the damage isn't, at least that's evident; "all destruction was already there in April" ([view from inside the compound - corroborating view from street side) It seems to be in the same state it was after the noon bombing on April 4, with the roof slabs at the same angles, not even visibly jumbled by the new attack.

Video of alleged attack aftermath White Helmets Video